Classification of glass fiber materials

Classification of glass fiber materials

A-glass fiber

A-glass fiber is the first type of glass used. A-glass fiber, soda-lime, or soda lime glass is broken glass fiber, also known as high alkali glass. They can be boron-doped or pure. The composition of the basic oxide compound is not less than 0.8%. In the case of producing soda lime silicate glass by adding content, the expected durability, structural stability, and electrical strength of E-type glass fibers are not required.

AR glass fiber

Also known as alkali-resistant glass fiber, it is mainly developed to strengthen the cement. Alkali-resistant glass fiber is characterized by good alkali resistance, can effectively resist the erosion of high-alkali substances in cement, strong binding force, elastic modulus, impact resistance, tensile strength, high bending strength, non-combustibility, frost resistance, and temperature resistance, Strong humidity changeability, excellent crack resistance and impermeability performance, strong design ability, easy forming, etc. Alkali-resistant glass fiber is a new type of green and environmentally friendly reinforcement widely used in high-performance reinforced (cement) concrete material.

C-glass fiber

It is a glass fiber-containing calcium borosilicate, which provides structural balance in corrosive environments. The pH value of the chemical substance in contact with the glass fiber has a high resistance to the glass fiber in alkali or acid. Also known as medium-alkali glass, it is characterized by its chemical resistance, especially acid resistance, which is superior to that of alkali-free glass, but its electrical properties are poor, and its mechanical strength is 10% to 20% lower than that of alkali-free glass fiber. The amount of boron trioxide, while China’s medium-alkali glass fiber is completely free of boron.

Acid resistance and water resistance are better than alkali-free glass fiber. The method is to melt and draw raw materials. It can be directly felt when needed. Medium-alkali glass fiber can be used to produce corrosion-resistant glass fiber products, such as glass fiber surface mats, fiberglass needle punched felt，etc., and also used to strengthen asphalt roofing materials. China's medium-alkali glass fiber accounts for more than half (60%) of glass fiber production. It is widely used in the production of glass fiber reinforced plastic and the production of filter fabrics and wrapping fabrics. Because its price is lower than that of alkali-free glass fiber, it has strong competitiveness.

D-glass fiber

An important type of glass fiber is D-type glass fiber. Also known as low dielectric glass, it is used to produce low dielectric glass fiber with good dielectric strength. It is mainly composed of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, B2O3, Fe2O3, and is prepared according to the ratio. Boron trioxide is used as a raw material for the synthesis of other boron compounds (such as boron carbide) in the production of liquids for glass and enamel and in the production of heat-resistant and thermal shock resistant borosilicate glass.

In addition, one of the most important uses of boron trioxide is to use it as a glass fiber additive to form fibers for fiber optic cable construction.

Boron trioxide provides a low dielectric constant for this type of glass fiber. This makes glass fibers an ideal fiber for fiber optic cable applications, such as heat resistance and conductivity in electromagnetic applications. The viscosity-temperature of Log3 is less than 1300°C, the liquefaction temperature is less than 1100°C, and the difference between the two is above 75°C, which is more suitable for the spinning process, and effectively prevents spinning breakage and crystallization. Good moisture resistance manifested in alkali dissolution of less than 0.055 mg Na2O/g glass, suitable as a substrate for printed circuit boards, and low electrical loss.

E glass fiber

Because it was first used as an electrically insulating material, it was called electric glass. The boroaluminosilicate glass fiber-containing alkali metal oxide components such as alumina are less than 1% or less than 0.8%. Therefore it contains almost no alkali, also known as alkali-free glass. It is the most widely used glass fiber with a glass composition.

E-glass fiber is the most widely used glass fiber formula in the world and is borosilicate glass. Although developed specifically for electronic applications, they are now used in many fields. Combined with a thermosetting resin, it can produce FRP. Glass fiber reinforced plastic panels and sheets are widely used in almost all industrial fields of modern life. Due to its achievements in protecting its structural integrity from mechanical shocks and mechanical influences, it is used in more and more fields every day. They will not melt in the heat, but they are very soft.

E-glass fiber has good electrical insulation and water resistance, but the commercial forms of fiber with poor acid and alkali resistance include untwisted roving, fabric, and felt. In addition to electrical insulation materials, it is also used as a polymer, Gypsum, and other composite reinforcements. It is also widely used in the production of glass fiber for FRP. Its disadvantage is that it is easily corroded by inorganic acid, so it is not suitable for use in an acidic environment.

E-CR glass is an improved boron-free and alkali-free glass. It is used to produce glass fiber with good acid and water resistance. Its water resistance is 7-8 times better than that of alkali-free glass fiber. It is a new product specially developed for underground pipelines and storage tanks.

High-strength glass fiber

It is characterized by high strength and high modulus. Its single fiber tensile strength is 2800MPa, which is about 25% higher than that of alkali-free glass fiber, and its elastic modulus is 86000MPa, which is higher than that of E-glass fiber. High-strength glass fiber is a very good alternative to metal materials.

Identify high alkali glass fiber

The simple method of inspection is to put the fiber in boiling water and boil it for 6-7 hours. If it is high-alkali glass nitrocellulose, after boiling in boiling water, the fibers in the warp and weft directions are all loosened. According to different standards, there are many classification methods for glass fibers, which are generally divided from the two angles of length and diameter, composition, and performance.